Computer systems applied from the economics in the hotel sector in the neighborhood from the Covid-19 pandemic

Tourism worldwide was one of the great victims of the Covid-19 pandemic;According to the UNWTO, the arrival of tourists is reduced by 74% for the 2020 period compared to the data from the previous year;this, taking into account the measures and protocols imposed by governments to reduce contagion. The restrictions directly affected the tourist accommodation activity carried out at the national and international level;specifically, the municipality of Zipaquirá, Cundinamarca known as the Salt Capital of Colombia;where every year nationals and foreigners visit the Salt Cathedral and therefore look for a place to stay;hence the importance of the investigation since the hotel entities presented several difficulties to continue in the market. The present investigation is of a descriptive nature with a mixed approach;since it is expected to know the current situation of each of the hotels in the Barrio Estación Salinas. © 2022, Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao. All rights reserved.

Empathy, Social Media and Mental Health Indicators in Colombian' Social Crises

Evidence suggests that social crises impact mental health. However, empathy and access to information through social media might moderate its effect. This research examines the impact of empathy and social media usage and their relation to mental health among Colombians in two social crises: 1) the COVID-19 outbreak and 2) the Colombian national strike along 2021. Data from 314 adults were collected via eight online questionaries. Results indicated that participants in both crises spent vast amount of time in social media sites;positive association between usage of social media networks, anxiety, and traumatic stress measures;negative association between empathy and mental health indicators;and lower well-being and mental health indicators in participants that spent more time in social media sites. Moreover, regression analyses revealed that participants spending more time in social media with high empathy indicators and lower educational level are more likely to report worse mental health measures. In summary, this study has found that empathy moderates the relationship between social media usage and mental health in both social crises © 2022, Universitas Psychologica.All Rights Reserved.

Recommendations for the use of oxygen and its basic and advanced supply devices: Rationality and safety in times of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Colombia

In the midst the COVID-19 pandemic, and given the imminence of oxygen shortages in Colombia, the Knowledge Management and Transfer Network, made up of 19 scientific societies, health institutions, and universities, generates an update to the document led by the Colombian Association of Critical Medicine and includes new evidence-informed guidelines for the rational management of oxygen therapy, as well as basic and advanced devices for oxygen therapy. The recommendations refer to five topics: goal-oriented rational use of oxygen, standardization of follow-up and dose adjustment, effective use of oxygen therapy devices, rational use of invasive mechanical ventilation, and rational use of extracorporeal oxygenation membrane therapy. When exercising their judgment, it is expected that professionals and care teams will take into account these guidelines to make rational and safe use of oxygen therapy and its basic and advanced devices, together with the individual needs and preferences of the people who are under their care. © 2021 Asociación Colombiana de Medicina Crítica y Cuidado lntensivo

Integral Education: sports training before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

This work presents a methodological structure to incorporate sports subjects in the curricular design in undergraduate courses at ESPOL, to offer integral education for the academic and professional development of the student. In this sense, the most relevant components that were applied in the implementation of sports subjects are described, ranging from the curricular reform process of 2016, the pedagogical technical training of teachers, the micro-curricular design, the carrying out of activities sports during the COVID-19 pandemic and opportunities for sports subjects to be considered in the training and measurement of learning outcomes. Finally, results related to the number of sports subjects offered, the number of teachers trained in technical pedagogical skills, the number of registered students, and the number of activities carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic are shown. © 2022 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. All rights reserved.

A differential therapeutic consideration for use of corticosteroids according to established COVID-19 clinical phenotypes in critically ill patients.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the use of corticosteroids was associated with Intensive Care Unit (ICU) mortality among whole population and pre-specified clinical phenotypes. DESIGN: A secondary analysis derived from multicenter, observational study. SETTING: Critical Care Units. PATIENTS: Adult critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19 disease admitted to 63 ICUs in Spain. INTERVENTIONS: Corticosteroids vs. no corticosteroids. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Three phenotypes were derived by non-supervised clustering analysis from whole population and classified as (A: severe, B: critical and C: life-threatening). We performed a multivariate analysis after propensity optimal full matching (PS) for whole population and weighted Cox regression (HR) and Fine-Gray analysis (sHR) to assess the impact of corticosteroids on ICU mortality according to the whole population and distinctive patient clinical phenotypes. RESULTS: A total of 2017 patients were analyzed, 1171 (58%) with corticosteroids. After PS, corticosteroids were shown not to be associated with ICU mortality (OR: 1.0; 95% CI: 0.98-1.15). Corticosteroids were administered in 298/537 (55.5%) patients of "A" phenotype and their use was not associated with ICU mortality (HR=0.85 [0.55-1.33]). A total of 338/623 (54.2%) patients in "B" phenotype received corticosteroids. No effect of corticosteroids on ICU mortality was observed when HR was performed (0.72 [0.49-1.05]). Finally, 535/857 (62.4%) patients in "C" phenotype received corticosteroids. In this phenotype HR (0.75 [0.58-0.98]) and sHR (0.79 [0.63-0.98]) suggest a protective effect of corticosteroids on ICU mortality. CONCLUSION: Our finding warns against the widespread use of corticosteroids in all critically ill patients with COVID-19 at moderate dose. Only patients with the highest inflammatory levels could benefit from steroid treatment.

A differential therapeutic consideration for use of corticosteroids according to established COVID-19 clinical phenotypes in critically ill patients Una consideración terapéutica diferencial para el uso de corticoesteroides en COVID-19 según los diferentes fenotipos clínicos establecidos en pacientes críticos

Objective To determine if the use of corticosteroids was associated with Intensive Care Unit (ICU) mortality among whole population and pre-specified clinical phenotypes. Design A secondary analysis derived from multicenter, observational study. Setting Critical Care Units. Patients Adult critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19 disease admitted to 63 ICUs in Spain. Interventions Corticosteroids vs. no corticosteroids. Main variables of interest Three phenotypes were derived by non-supervised clustering analysis from whole population and classified as (A: severe, B: critical and C: life-threatening). We performed a multivariate analysis after propensity optimal full matching (PS) for whole population and weighted Cox regression (HR) and Fine-Gray analysis (sHR) to assess the impact of corticosteroids on ICU mortality according to the whole population and distinctive patient clinical phenotypes. Results A total of 2017 patients were analyzed, 1171 (58%) with corticosteroids. After PS, corticosteroids were shown not to be associated with ICU mortality (OR: 1.0;95% CI: 0.98–1.15). Corticosteroids were administered in 298/537 (55.5%) patients of “A” phenotype and their use was not associated with ICU mortality (HR = 0.85 [0.55–1.33]). A total of 338/623 (54.2%) patients in “B” phenotype received corticosteroids. No effect of corticosteroids on ICU mortality was observed when HR was performed (0.72 [0.49–1.05]). Finally, 535/857 (62.4%) patients in “C” phenotype received corticosteroids. In this phenotype HR (0.75 [0.58–0.98]) and sHR (0.79 [0.63–0.98]) suggest a protective effect of corticosteroids on ICU mortality. Conclusion Our finding warns against the widespread use of corticosteroids in all critically ill patients with COVID-19 at moderate dose. Only patients with the highest inflammatory levels could benefit from steroid treatment.

[Program for the prevention of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteria in critical units in Argentina during the COVID-19 pandemic]

INTRODUCTION: The problem of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic in countries with a previous high incidence, such as Argentina. This study describes the development and results of a CPE prevention program, mainly carbapenemase-producing Klebsiellas (KPC), in three critical units of two public hospitals during 6 months of the pandemic. METHODS: The objective was to reduce the incidence of KPC in clinical and colonization samples. This quasi-experimental study was based on a cycle of improvement and implementation of three measures: hand hygiene, environmental hygiene, and periodic surveillance with rectal swabs. RESULTS: Regarding the measures, all the units optimized active surveillance, and two of these also improved hand and environmental hygiene. Comparing the pre- and post-intervention periods in the three units, no significant change was observed in the rate of KPC positive clinical samples. KPC colonization was significantly reduced in two units (unit 2: 51.6-18.5 p 0.0004, unit 3: 62.5-5.2 p < 0.0000001). All units showed a downtrend in both rates towards the end of the study. CONCLUSION: Containing or reducing the advance of the KPC in our region is possible even in difficult scenarios such as the pandemic. More studies are needed in low- and middle-income countries to demonstrate the impact of KPC prevention programs in these situations.

Bilateral Acute Depigmentation of the Iris (BADI) following Covid-19 Infection.

PURPOSE: To present a case of bilateral acute iris depigmentation after covid 19 infection. CASE REPORT: A 55-year-old female presented with binocular pain and blurred vision a month after being diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). She presented pigment dispersion in the anterior chamber and pigment depositions on the corneal endothelium. The patient was treated with dexamethasone and during follow-up visits, the pigment dispersion decreased and the symptoms ceased. CONCLUSIONS: Covid-19 infection may be associated with rare ocular disorders such as BADI.

Impact of COVID-19 on the consumption of medicines and medical devices in a satellite pharmacy

Objective: To determine the consumption of medicines and medical devices during the COVID-19 pandemic in the period from 2019 to 2020. Materials and methods: A descriptive research will be carried out, non-experimental design, of a cross-sectional type, with information on the annual consumption of medicines and medical devices in a hospital, technique: documentary analysis, Data collection sheet instrument, it was processed in an Excel. Results: It is observed that the medicines have a p-value of 0.003, which is less than 0.05, and in terms of medical devices, we have a p-value of 0.0001, which is less than 0.05, we can indicate that there was a significant reduction in the consumption of medicines and medical devices for the year 2020 with respect to the year 2019, as can be seen in graphs 1 and 2. Conclusion: We are facing a very complex problem because not having consumed pharmaceutical products generated a stagnation on the stock of some medicines and/or medical devices, in addition to due to the expiration, it produced considerable losses of medicines and/or medical devices.

Predictors of professional self-efficacy in university health teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction: Because of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in higher education, university teachers face challenges that test their ability to teach virtual classes, so it is important to study the factors that predict their professional self-efficacy. Objective: To determine whether adaptation to virtual academic environments and workload predict professional self-efficacy in university health science teachers. Methods: Cross-sectional, predictive study. Under a non-probabilistic purposive sampling, 252 university teachers (26 to 53 years of age), who teach in professional schools such as nursing, medicine, psychology, dentistry, biology and nutrition, from three Peruvian universities participated. The evaluation was carried out using a scale of adaptation to virtual academic environments, a workload scale and a professional self-efficacy questionnaire. A multiple regression model with a significance level of 5% was estimated using SPSS 22.0 statistical software. Results: There were differences in the level of adaptation to virtual academic environments between men and women, as well as significant correlations between the study variables (p< 0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed an adequate fit for the model (F = 36.871, p < 0.001), where adaptation to virtual academic media (β = 0.114, p < 0.05) and workload (β =-0.526, p < 0.01) are variables that predict professional self-efficacy (adjusted R2 = 0.306). Conclusions: Adaptation to virtual academic media and workload predict professional self-efficacy in university health teachers. © 2022, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.

Dynamic model change analysis of social behavior processes during the COVID19 pandemic

In this paper, an analysis of changes in dynamic process models described by variables that represent social behavior from the point of view of people's mobility and of economic indices in the framework of the COVID19 pandemic is presented. Here, the mobility described by Google and Apple is used as a proxy for the social behavior to correlate it with the dynamic evolution of daily COVID19 infections. In addition, indices related from the global economy are used as a proxy of the socio-economic process, where two of ascending evolution (MSFT Microsoft and NASDAQ, Inc.) and another with smooth evolution (WTI oil gallon price) are analyzed. The evolution of such proxies are related to the daily COVID19 cases. In the latter case, it is difficult to detect a territorial region of influence given the number of origins of influences that the selected indices have, but the impact of the first peak in China and the subsequent evolution in the world can be studied, especially in our country and in the Netherlands. The main findings include that the underlying model for social behavior has changed in different stages, depending on the months of the year and that after mid-2021 an unstable equilibrium is on the track, with the addition of the new possibilities provided by the vaccination process and the rules of social coexistence. It is concluded that it is necessary to analyze which decision should be taken at the social level of public policy and which personal decisions for each individual. © 2021 IEEE.

PediatriX: A Framework for Mobile and Web Applications for Pediatrics Online Consultation in Paranaque City

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected people's lives worldwide. Directly going to medical facilities became too risky for health, so the minor's attention was less since parents took extra precautionary measures. Thus, the proponents interviewed the client for the application, Dr. Andrea Carag of The Pediatric Clinic. She mentioned that the problems she encountered in similar applications include difficulty in signing in, unpleasant graphical user interface, and accessibility issues for different platforms. An initial survey for patients was also conducted, and reflecting on the result, factors like the minimal health services available online, minimal specialists, and inaccessible health assistance virtually will be what the proponents aim to address. Most respondents had never consulted a health professional under the new-normal setup. Nonetheless, they said they are prepared to engage in one. The remainder of respondents who had new-normal medical consultations noted that the frequent issues they experienced were poor internet connection and communications and lack of devices. Consequently, PediatriX, a mobile and web application, will provide online medical consultation from a licensed pediatrician in the Philippines. Throughout the development, the researchers used the Scrum Agile model as the project method to continue the work and result in allotted days, including planning, designing, developing, testing, releasing, and receiving feedback. Significantly, it is recommended for future researchers to incorporate a wider variety of patients to help a more significant number of individuals. They may also include additional pediatric healthcare services as its features.

Sexting during confinement in Spain: Prevalence, motivations and predictor variables

SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in the mandatory isolation of the entire population, reducing the opportunities for casual sexual encounters or between partners who do not live together. However, it is plausible to assume that other forms of sexual contact like sexting are occurring. This research aimed to analyse the behaviours and motivations to engage in sexting and to examine some predictors of mental health and loneliness that could be associated with sexting during confinement. The sample consisted of 510 participants: 280 emerging adults and 230 adults. The results showed higher prevalence of sexting behaviours among emerging adults (vs. adults) and among males (vs. females). Moreover, emerging adults reported more motivations to engage in sexting. Finally, the analysis revealed that loneliness would predict engagement in sexting by emerging adults. These findings could have implications for the implementation of sexual education programmes aimed at achieving adequate social interactions associated with sexting. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Spanish) El SARS-CoV-2 ocasiono el aislamiento obligatorio de toda la poblacion, reduciendo las oportunidades de las relaciones sexuales casuales o entre parejas no convivientes. No obstante, es viable asumir que se estan produciendo otras formas de contacto sexual, como el sexting. El proposito de esta investigacion fue analizar los comportamientos y motivaciones involucradas en el sexting y examinar algunos predictores de salud mental y soledad que podrian estar asociados con el sexting durante el confinamiento. La muestra consistio en 510 participantes: 280 jovenes y 230 adultos. Los resultados mostraron una mayor prevalencia de comportamientos de sexting entre los jovenes (frente a los adultos), y entre los hombres (frente a las mujeres). Mas aun, los jovenes reportaron mas motivaciones para practicar el sexting. Finalmente, el analisis revela que la soledad seria un factor de prediccion para la participacion de los jovenes en el sexting. Estos hallazgos podrian tener implicaciones para la puesta en practica de programas de educacion sexual destinados a alcanzar interacciones sociales adecuadas relacionadas con el sexting. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Adaptation and workload as predictors of professional self-efficacy during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peruvian university teachers

Introduction. University teachers have had to face the changes demanded by virtual educa-tion in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the objective was to determine whether adaptation to virtual classes and workload predict professional self-efficacy in university teachers. Method. associative-predictive study, with the participation of 321 university teachers (55.5% male and 44.5% female) from two Peruvian universities (22.4% state and 77.6% pri -vate), between 26 and 66 years of age, selected under a non-probabilistic purposive sampling. The evaluation was carried out using a scale of adaptation to virtual classes, a workload scale and a professional self-efficacy questionnaire. A structural equation model was estimated us-ing SPSS Amos 22.0 statistical software. Results. Correlation analysis showed significant associations between the study variables (p < .05). For the SEM model, the goodness-of-fit indicators were very good (chi 2= 380.68, with 143 gl, and a p value < .001, CFI = .956 IFI= .957;NFI= .932;GFI= .891;TLI = .948;RMSEA= .072). Thus, it is possible to determine that there is a statistically significant effect of adapta-tion and workload on professional self-efficacy. Discussion or Conclusion. The level of adjustment to virtual teaching and the perception of work overload are factors that influence university teachers' confidence in their pedagogical abilities. It is concluded that adjustment and workload predict professional self-efficacy in Peruvian university teachers.

Masculinism Meme Rhetorics. Digital University and Anti-Feminism on Pandemic Times

This work begins with the rise and visibility of sexist violence due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. In this context, it focuses on the study of relationships during confinement, proposing that cyber violence and anti-feminism grow in a digital university. This scenario is confronted with the current gender order, referring to the recent activism of young feminists and to the debates resulting from the discussion on masculinities, pointing to new subjectivities within a masculinist extreme. With this, an acceleration of such radicalism is theorized, looking at issues such as the "manosphere", the replication of their affects in digital interactions of university students, and the exercise of a tropology based on communication through memes, which forms particular rhetoric. Finally, memes posted by students in groups within this sphere and in the pandemic are analyzed.

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among workers in a hospital in Madrid

Background: The impact of the first wave of the pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2 has been enormous in Spanish hospitals, being Madrid one of the most affected communities. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the pandemic on the workers of a hospital located in one of the most affected areas of Madrid (Alcala de Henares) using a chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Methods: We conducted a seroprevalence survey between June 25th and July 31st, 2020, over hospital workers from our institution. This study population was previously analyzed using a diagnostic approach which consisted of PCR and a serologic rapid test. For the present survey, prevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was studied using chemiluminescence. We analyzed the prevalence in healthcare workers (HCW) and non-healthcare workers (nHCW). Information about professional category, use of personal protective equipment (PPEs) and previous COVID-19 contacts was collected to determine the risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney U test (continuous variables) and the two-tailed Fisher's exact test (categorical variables). Risk factors for seropositivity were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 2,219 workers were included and 847 of them (38.2%) presented IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, being seroprevalence significantly higher for HCW (39.3%) than for nHCW (30.7%, p=0.006). We found no differences regarding positivity rates compared with the first diagnostic approach for symptomatic and asymptomatic workers, or infected workers per professional category. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the use of PPE (protective, OR=0.65;95%CI: 0.48-0.89;p<0.001) and previous contact with COVID-19 patients (risk factor, OR=1.93;95%CI: 1.37-2.72;p<0.001) were independent factors that were associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Conclusions: More than 38% of our workers presented IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. We found no differences in the positivity rates between diagnostic approaches. The use of PPE (protective) and previous contact with COVID-19 patients (risk factor) were associated with infection.

Depressive symptoms and risky alcohol consumption in the population of Buenos Aires during preventive and mandatory isolation

Due to the pandemic due to the outbreak of the new COVID-19 in Argentina, as in different countries of the world, social distancing measures were chosen. In this context, an increase in different psychological problems such as depression or risky alcohol consumption has been reported. The aim of the present study was to know the behavior of depressive symptoms and risky alcohol consumption. A sample of 386 adults from Buenos Aires was selected. It was found that 3% obtained high scores in relation to alcohol consumption, and that 35% presented moderate values of depression. A significant association was found between both variables. Depression was a significant predictor of risky alcohol consumption. Lastly, young people presented greater depressive symptoms than young adults and adults. The implications of these results are discussed.

Direct cardiotropic effects of sars-cov-2 and its clinical correlation

Coronavirus disease 2019 (CO-VID-19) is a clinical entity caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which has become a pandemic in the first half of 2020, dominating the global epidemiological panorama. Although the main affected focus is the respiratory tract, injury of other organs is not infrequent, including the kidneys, the gastrointestinal tract, and the cardiovascular system. In particular, the relationship between cardiovascular disorders and COVID-19 is bidirectional, as the preexistence of cardiovascular disease increases de risk of infection and complications. On the other hand, the infection has also been shown to generate cardiovascular injury via various mechanisms. The increased risk of various cardiovascular events has been documented in patients with COVID-19. Thus, considering cardiovascular function has been recommended in the management of patients with COVID-19, chiefly those with comorbidities. The objective of this review is to evaluate the mechanisms and theories explaining the cardiovascular effects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to recognize its clinical implications.

Neurobiological bases of olfactory stimuli associated to cognitive processes, preferences, and eating disorders

The neurobiological processing of eating behavior is transmitted to the cortical and subcortical nuclei where multisensory stimuli are integrated, such as olfactory ones, associated with emotion, learning and memory. With this review, the implications between emotional memory and olfactory stimuli, and neurobiological basis are analyzed and described. Also, the main cognitive processes involved in the preference for hypo and hypercaloric foods and their relationship with eating disorders such as obesity are indicated, a condition that converges with a negative effect during the COVID-19 disease. It requires the application of neuropsychological methods that include the measurement of the effect of multisensory stimuli to assess food preference. Since olfactory stimuli and emotional memory participate in food choices, promoting or not the development of eating disorders. Adapting the paradigms of neuropsychology such as the alimentary Stroop would underpin the generation of strategies for the prevention of the development of eating disorders such as obesity.